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About the stars
There are four kinds of stars:
The first kind is called tramps, because they go here and there in
the sky.
The second kind is called stayers, because they stay in place far from
the sun.
The third kind is called either diers or fallers, because they go to
the earth from the sky.
The fourth kind is called unknown, because they have appeared suddenly,
very far away. The sun is cousin to these kinds of stars; a god has
caused its fire to burn with more anger.
Lazene lay
Lazi lisin moch:
Lisen zachan saininan lea furat, lazinen hune jom so jat le denayt.
Lisen zali chazinan lea furat, gyrnie hune lien chazayt.
Lisen zabesh sa runinan sa gulninan lea furat, morchen hune lazini
le denayt.
Lisen zamoch nagraysinan lea furat, lazinen hune dolien cyne chylnenayt.
Gyrn lazeni liseni jat rhone; tain ruzina gazie domoye
dilenat.
** Grammatical interlinear **
laz.en.e lay
N-loc-p PST
laz.i li.s.in moch
N-nom-p N-nom-p NUM.C
li.s.en za.chan sain.in.an lea fur.a.t
N-nom-s NUM.O N-acc-c IMP V-prs-3s
laz.in.en hune jom so jat le den.a.yt
N-loc-c CONJ ADV....... RFL V-prs-3p
li.s.en za.[i]li chaz.in.an lea fur.a.t
N-nom-s NUM.O N-acc-c IMP V-prs-3s
gyrn.ie hune lien chaz.a.yt
N-loc-c CONJ ADV V-prs-3p
li.s.en za.besh sa run.in.an sa gul[y]n.in.an
lea fur.a.t
N-nom-s NUM.O CONJ N-acc-c CONJ N-acc-c
IMP V-prs-3s
morch.en hune laz.in.i le den.a.yt
N-ill-s CONJ N-abl-c RFL V-prs-3p
li.s.en za.moch na.gray.s.in.an lea fur.a.t
N-nom-s NUM.O NEG-N-acc-c IMP
V-prs-3s
laz.in.en hune do.lien cyne chyl.[y]n.en.a.yt
N-loc-c CONJ AUG-ADV ADJ V-pnc-prf-prs-3p
gyrn laz.en.i li.s.eni jat rhon.e
N-nom-s N-gen-p N-gen-p ADV N-nom-s
tain ruz.in.a gaz.ie do.moy.e
dil.en.a.t
N-nom-s N-acc-c N-ins-s AUG-N-ins-s V-prf-prs-3s
** Abbreviations **
N nominal (noun or adjective, there's no difference in Ilaini; there's only one actual adjective in the text)
number:
s singular
p plural
c collective plural
case:
nom nominative
gen genitive
acc accusative
loc locative
ill illative
abl ablative
ins instrumental
V verb
number: s or p - collectives take singular or plural verbs depending on meaming
tense:
prs present (no other tenses occur in the text)
aspect:
prf perfective - the action is completed
pnc punctual - the action happens suddenly, one time only,
non-continuously
person: 3 (the only one that occurs)
numerals:
NUM.C cardinal ("one")
NUM.O ordinal ("first")
pronouns:
IMP impersonal pronoun, used to make impersonal constructions,
see the vocabulary
RFL reflexive pronoun, see the vocabulary
CONJ conjunction
ADV adverb, adverbial phrase
** Vocabulary **
besh 3
chan 1
chaza to stay (in a place)
chazan one who stays
chyla to appear, to become visible
cyne immediately, suddenly, right now
dila to cause, to bring about
do- augmentative prefix, "very ..."
fura to name, to call; lea furat "is/are called"
gaz anger
graya to know
graysen something that is known
gulyna to fall
gulynan one who falls
gyrn sun
hune because
jom so jat ("there and here") everywhere, all over
lay (postposition with the locative) about, concerning
laz star
lazi (collective) the (starry) sky (at night)
le dena ("to put oneself") to go
ili 2 (inanimate)
lien far away
lisen ("it-thing") kind, sort
moch 4
morch the earth, the ground
moy great, big
na- negative prefix ("un-")
rhone cousin (sharing at least one grandparent)
runa to die
runan one who dies
ruzin (collective) fire
sa or (sa ... sa ... "either ... or ...")
sainan tramp, vagrant
tain god, goddess, deity
za- ordinal number prefix
** Notes **
Ilaini is pretty strictly SOV, with clause conjunctions (like "because") coming after the first constituent of the clause.
There is no copula; "X is Y" is expressed by "X-nom Y-nom", like in Russian.
Weak vowels can be elided. Elided vowels are in [brackets] in the interlinear and don't appear in the text. Usually, this is unstressed /e/ or /y/ in the syllable after the most accented syllable.
Note the difference between "stars" and "sky": in all cases except the
nominative the plain plural has -e- and the collective plural has -i-.
This can be a pitfall in this text...