Hive2 –  A Constructed Language

Hive2 Phonology and Orthography

Legend: Definitions, Terms, <Text>, [IPA], -Tags-, and "Glosses".

Letters and Sounds

The tables show the relevent phonetic symbols (in IPA) with the corresponding orthographic (romanization) symbols. The 27 letters used are:
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z ' .
Digraphs are shown in the appropriate subsection.

In the following tables, an asterisk * indicates that the letter is used for more than one sound.

Vowel Qualities

There are 6 short vowels using 11 phones. The long vowels ([iː] and [uː]) and the 10 diphthongs are treated as if vowel + consonant.

Oral Vowel Allophones

	front										central		back
high	i	i	-								-		-								u	u
high-lax	ɪ		-								-		-								ʊ
high-mid	-		ø	oe	-						-		-
low-mid	-				ɛ	e	-				-		-				ɔ	o	-
low	-								a	a	-		-

Prenasal Vowel Allophones

	front										central		back
high	i	i	-								-		-
high-mid	-		ø	oe	-						-		-				o	u	-
low-mid	-				ɛ	e	-				ɜ	o	-
low	-										-		ɑ	a	-

Consonant Qualities

There are 36 onset consonant phonemes, 19 coda consonant phonemes using 22 phones, and 4 extrasyllabic consonant phonemes.

Onset Consonants

		labial				coronal								dorsal								guttural
nasal	voiced	m	m	-		n	n	-						ɲ	ny	-						-
stop	voiceless	p	p	-		t	t	-						kʲ	ky	k	k	kʷ	kw	-		ʔ	'
	voiced	b	b	-		d	d	-						gʲ	gy	g	g	gʷ	gw	-		-
affricate	voiceless	-				-				t͡ɬ	tl	t͡ɕ	c	-								-
	voiced	-				-						d͡ʑ	j	-								-
fricative	voiceless	-		f	f	s̪	hz	ʂ	hs	ɬ	hl	ɕ	hx	ç	hy	-		xʷ	hw	χ	hq	h	h
	voiced	-		v	v	z̪	z	ʐ	s	-		ʑ	x	-								-
rhotic	voiceless	-				-		r̥	hr	-				-								-
	voiced	-				-		r	r	-				-						ʀ	q	-
vocoid	voiced	-				-				l	l	-		j	y	-		w	w	-		-

Coda Consonants

		labial				coronal								dorsal								guttural
nasal	voiced	m	m	-		n	n*	-						ɲ	n*	ŋ	n*	-				-
fricative	voiceless	-		f	f	s̪	hz	ʂ	hs	ɬ	hl	ɕ	hx	ç	hy	-		xʷ	hw	χ	hq	h	h
	voiced	-		v	v	z̪	z	ʐ	s	-		ʑ	x	-								-
rhotic	voiceless	-				-		r̥	hr	-				-								-
	voiced	-				-		r	r	-				-						ʀ	q	-
vocoid	voiced	-				-				l	l	-		j	i	-		w	u	-		-

Extrasyllabic Consonants

		labial				coronal								dorsal								guttural
stop	ejective	p'	p'	-		t'	t'	-						-		k'	k'	-				-
affricate	voiceless	-				-						t͡ɕ'	c'	-								-

Phonotactics

Onsets

• The onset is either a single consonant phoneme or a cluster.
• The glottal stop [ʔ] isn't written initially.
• The 14 onset clusters are: pr, br, kr, gr, tr, dr, pl, bl, kl, gl, py, by, my, and dl.

Rhymes

The following rhyme types appear:

light: -V
heavy: -VC

• The vocoid consonants [j] and [w] are written as i and u, respectively, in coda position.
• The prenasal allophones appear in closed (heavy) syllables before nasal codas; the oral allophones appear elsewhere, with the high non-lax allophones appearing in open syllables and before i and u.
• A coda nasal may assimilate to the following onset (or extrasyllabic) consonant: the allophone [m] appears before p, b, m, the allophone [n] appears before t, tl, c, ', d, j, n, h, the allophone [ɲ] appears before ny, ky, gy, hy, and the allophone [ŋ] appears otherwise.

Extrasyllabic Consonants

• A single extrasyllabic consonant may follow a syllable or precede a word.

Prosody

The stress rules for words of 3 or more syllables are as follows:

• if the ultima is extraheavy, stress it;
• else if the penult isn't light, stress it;
• else stress the antepenult.

The stress rules for words of 2 syllables are as follows:

• if the ultima is extraheavy, stress it;
• else if the penult isn't light, stress it;
• else if the ultima is heavy, stress it;
• else stress the penult.

Words of 1 syllable are unstressed if light and stressed otherwise.

page started: 2017.May.12 Fri
current date: 2017.May.27 Sat
content and form originated by qiihoskeh

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