Nov19 –  A Constructed Language

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Nov19 Derivational Morphology

Derivational Suffixes

Verb-to-Verb Derivations

Verb-to-Verb Derivational Suffixes

Protoform	Suffix	Tag	Description	Slot
*nwjt	-mit, -mid	-Ord	ordinal	Deriv1
*nwjt	-mit, -mid	-Cpr	comparative-superlative
*	-	-Equ	equative
*jp	-ip, -ib	-Loc	locative
*	-	-Auto	autocausative	Deriv2
*rkh	-ax	-Inch	entry to state (inchoative)
*hjn	-hin	-Term	exit from state (terminative)
*per	-pâ	-Via	transit through state (viative)

A comparative is formed by appending the suffix -Cpr to an adjectival verb; the same form is also superlative. Ordinal numbers are formed by appending the suffix -Ord to the corresponding cardinal numbers. Note that -Cpr and -Ord are identical. An equative is formed by appending the suffix -Equ to an adjectival verb.

Spatial verbs can be derived from nouns and pronouns by appending the locative suffix -Loc. Dynamic verbs can be derived from spatial relation verbs and possibly other static verbs by appending the state change suffixes. When appended to -Loc, the resulting combinations are allative, ablative, and perlative, respectively.

Combined Suffixes

Protoform	Suffix	Tag	Description
*jprkh	-ibax	-All	allative
*jphjn	-ifin	-Abl	ablative
*jpper	-ippâ	-Per	perlative

Causative and Inverse

The deontic modals are basically anticausative; they can be made active with the causative suffix *j (-Cau). The active forms don't combine with the polar auxiliaries. Deontic possibility becomes kahi, kaç "permit" and deontic necessity becomes kori, kây "require".

Causatives are used on other verbs as well.

• Impersonal verbs add a subject.
• Univalent verbs move the subject to patient and add an agent.
• Bivalent verbs move the patient to theme, the agent to recipient, and add a donor.

There is also in inverse suffix *he (-Inv).

• Impersonal verbs that have a recipient move it to subject.
• Univalent verbs that have a recipient swap it and the subject.
• Bivalent verbs swap the agent and patient.
• Trivalent verbs swap the donor and recipient.

Adverbs

An adverb of manner consists of an adjectival verb with the suffix *jpet -Man.

An adverb of degree consists of a unit noun with the suffix *thkr -Deg, e.g. *pewnethkr (*pôneska) "cup" or "cupfull".

Noun-to-Noun Derivations

The noun-to-noun derivations include a superset derivation, possibly multiple diminutives and augmentatives. All these derived nouns may be incorporated.

page started: 2013.Nov.22 Fri
current date: 2013.Nov.25 Mon
content and form originated by qiihoskeh

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