Legend: Definitions, Terms, <Text>, «apa», -Tags-, and "Glosses".
| Suffix | Tag | Name | Tense |
|---|---|---|---|
| bi | Cpl | Complement | relative |
| par | Tmp | Temporal | |
| toma | By | Means | |
| srana | For | Purpose For | |
| qura | Anti | Purpose Against | |
| raya | Rat | Reason | absolute |
| ciwa | If | Condition | |
| son | Conj | Conjunction | |
| dai | Disj | Disjunction |
The tenses of these verb constructions are relative to some temporal reference point, as produced by the preceding matrix.
For the last clause of a sentence (main clause), this is the time of utterance. A past or future main clause predicate changes the temporal point of reference for the preceding clauses, as does a perfect or prospective predicate. Most subordinate clauses have only present tense.
A complement verb construction represents a situation which acts as an argument to its preceding matrix verb construction. If the matrix verb is univalent, the complement qualifies the subject; otherwise, it acts as the object (with or without its own determiner construction) Complement verbs don't mark tense; the relative time of the complement is determined by the matrix verb.
An adjunct verb construction represents a situation which isn't an argument of its preceding matrix verb construction.
The temporal relationship between the adjunct situation and the matrix situation is determined by the aspect of the adjunct's verb. If the verb is perfect, the adjunct situation precedes the matrix situation. If the verb is prospective, the adjunct situation follows the matrix situation. If the verb is culminating, inceptive, or singulative, the adjunct situation occurs within the time span of the matrix situation. If the verb is durative or stative, the matrix situation occurs within the time span of the adjunct situation.
A depictive is a secondary predicate denoting a situation current when an action takes place. Mar18 doesn't use depictive secondary predicates. Instead, a druative or stative temporal adjunct is used.
A means verb construction specifies the means by which the matrix action is carried out. A purpose verb construction denotes a purpose of the matrix action; this is either for the action (For) or against it (Anti). When the action is referred to by a pronoun, the corresponding cases are used; these are benefactive (For), malefactive (Anti), and instrumental (By).
A resultative is a secondary predicate denoting the resulting state of the patient of some action. Mar18 doesn't use resultative secondary predicates. Instead, the resulting state is specified by the matrix verb construction and the action by a means verb construction.
The temporal reference point for all these is the time of utterance.
A conjunctive sequence consists of a verb construction followed by at least one verb construction conjoined by Conj.
In the following constructions, a conjunctive sequence may appear wherever a single verb construction may appear.
A disjunctive sequence consists of a verb construction followed by at least one verb construction conjoined by Disj.
A reason verb construction specifies the reason for which following action is carried out. The conjoined verb construction follows the action verb construction.
A conditional sentence consists of a conclusion verb construction followed by a condition verb construction.
page started: 2023.Mar.25 Sat
current date: 2023.Mar.27 Mon
content and form originated by qiihoskeh
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