Date = Date Created (more or less)
| S | Status |
|---|---|
| _ | not used yet and provisional |
| ? | not used yet and most likely to change |
| 3 | first used in LCC3 relay |
| a | first used in Relay 17 |
| + | implied by word first used in a relay |
Cls = Word Classification, consisting of Basic Word Class plus Argument Structure.
| Basic Word Class | Argument Structure | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| D | Dynamic verb | 3 | ditransitive/trivalent |
| S | Static verb | 2 | transitive divalent |
| Q | Quantifier | R | Relational divalent |
| A | Animate (count) noun | V | agentive monovalent (Volitional) |
| I | Inanimate count noun | 1 | patientive monovalent |
| M | inanimate Mass noun | Z | impersonal |
| H | Human pronoun | + | valence increased |
| E | non-human pronoun (Either gender) | * | (depends on stem) |
| adv | adverb (or conjunction) | ||
| tmp | temporal word | O | Obligatory possessed |
| int | interjection | N | Non-possessed |
| par | particle | ||
| suf | suffix (non-lexical, non-actant) | = | proclitic |
| Description | |
|---|---|
| ( ) | not in citation form, but appears in some other forms |
| [ ] | in citation form, but isn't part of the stem |
| C' | used for ejectives which appear in all forms (omitted initially) |
| C" | used for ejectives that appear in the citation forms, but are basically plain stops, = ['] |
| a a̅ c e e̅ f h i i̅ k k' l m n o o̅ p p' r t t' £ x z ' | |
| " | is alphabetized just like ', except it comes first if both occur |
| (V) | is applied after rest has been alphabetized |
| [X] | isn't part of the stem, but is included when alphabetizing |
Notes: Inflected forms aren't listed unless irregular in some way. Some derivational affixes are listed, but no inflectional affixes; a dash follows prefixes and precedes suffixes.
Gloss = closest English translation without going into detail
Notes = additional information (interlinear tag if it exists)
| Date | S | Cit. Form | Cls | Gloss | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 090313 | ? | al | Q1 | 1 | singular |
| (a̅) | |||||
| 090127 | _ | cezto | S1 | there, that/those | < 2nd person |
| 090309 | _ | cin | SZ | modal: possibility | Pos |
| 090226 | _ | ciot | SR | ready for | < —Yot |
| 090316 | _ | —ci' | D* | (forms autocausative) | —Aut |
| 090203 | 3 | c(e)lep | D2 | carry | |
| 090316 | _ | com | SR | below | |
| 091021 | _ | coxmet | D2 | drink | < x(o)met |
| 100313 | ? | ctak | S1 | strong, powerful | |
| 100314 | ? | ekom | D2 | choose, decide | |
| 090206 | _ | —e̅ | suf | (progressive aspect) | —Prg |
| 090223 | _ | e̅ | par= | vocative | Voc= |
| 090223 | _ | e̅ca̅ka | int | (greeting to plural) | |
| 090223 | _ | e̅cla | int | (greeting to singular) | |
| 090303 | _ | —ha | S+ | (forms mantenential) | —Man |
| 090219 | _ | hac(o) | S2 | angry at/with/about | |
| 090309 | _ | hachi | AN | demon | |
| 090312 | _ | hahal | S1 | there, yonder (remote) | |
| 090312 | 3 | halzi | SR | far/away from | |
| 090308 | _ | heaz | D2 | cover | |
| 090223 | _ | heazto | IN | house | |
| 090316 | 3 | hen | SR | above | |
| 090316 | + | hep | D1 | slosh | |
| 090404 | ? | hihik | D1 | fast | |
| 090309 | _ | hil | SZ | modal: uncertainty | Unc |
| 090226 | _ | hizik | D2 | reckon, calculate, figure | |
| 100312 | ? | hizik'to | IN | desk calculator, computer | |
| 100312 | ? | hizk'a | IO | pocket computer, calculator | |
| 090316 | 3 | hi̅ | tmp= | then (at that time) | anaphoric |
| 090316 | + | hoep | D1 | ripple .... | < hep |
| 090211 | _ | ho[m] | SR | with (= instrumental) | inverse = "use" |
| 090127 | _ | hoz | IO | pair of feet | |
| 090127 | _ | hoztip | DV | walk, go on foot | |
| 100312 | ? | inak | Q1 | many, numerous | |
| 090223 | ? | ipil | S1 | malevolent, malicious, evil | |
| 090309 | _ | i̅ | par= | indefinite relative pronoun | IRP= |
| 100313 | ? | kahan | S1 | loud | |
| 090223 | ? | kal | D2 | do, make | |
| 090221 | _ | kam | D3 | give | |
| 090214 | ? | kaniz | S1 | tired | |
| 090316 | 3 | kata' | D2 | fight, oppose | |
| 090309 | _ | kli̅zi' | SR | first | see ordinals |
| 090221 | ? | k(o)loh | D2 | break | |
| 090309 | 3 | kloz | SR | before, earlier | see ordinals |
| 090222 | _ | koan | S2 | confused by, puzzled by | |
| 090313 | ? | kofo | Q1 | 17 | |
| 090313 | ? | koh | Q1 | 18 | |
| 090219 | _ | kompe | AN | (a status for male humans) | |
| 090127 | _ | kozto | S1 | here, this/these | < 1st person |
| 090313 | ? | k'hal | Q1 | 19 | |
| 090313 | ? | k'het | Q1 | 9 | |
| 090223 | _ | lak | SR | exceed, surpass | comparative |
| 100321 | _ | lako' | adv | to a greater degree than | |
| 090316 | 3 | lanit | S2 | joyful, happy | |
| 090314 | _ | lelem | SR | be distributed along | < lem |
| 090314 | _ | lem | DR | go along a route | requires perlative |
| 090316 | + | leo | MN | water, water-based liquid | |
| 090316 | 3 | leohoepzo̅ | IN | wave (of water) | |
| 090227 | _ | lepit | S1 | healthy | |
| 090313 | ? | le̅ | Q1 | 2 | |
| 090308 | _ | locefi | AN | cook, chef | |
| 090308 | _ | loceh | D2 | cook | |
| 100313 | ? | lolek | DV | command, persuade | |
| 100313 | ? | lorek | DV | control | < lolek |
| 090201 | _ | lox | S2 | see | |
| 090307 | _ | loz | SZ | modal: social necessity | Obl |
| 090307 | _ | lo̅ | par= | and | phrase conjunction |
| 090211 | _ | mah(o) | D2 | use | inverse of ho[m]! |
| 090309 | _ | mak | SZ | modal: capability | Cap |
| 100321 | _ | malako' | adv | to a lesser degree than | |
| 081216 | _ | ma£(e) | AO | mother | |
| 090307 | _ | ma̅ | EN | non-human coreferential pronoun | CorN |
| 090311 | ? | ma̅t£i | tmp | when (coreferential) | CorT |
| 090212 | ? | metik | D2 | cure (person/illness?) | |
| 090317 | _ | mikot | DR | go across | requires perlative |
| 090317 | _ | minkot | SR | be distributed across | < mikot |
| 090330 | _ | —mo̅c | ** | (forms devolutive) | —Dev |
| 090316 | _ | mol | SR | on, on top of | |
| 090223 | _ | molet | S1 | hot | |
| 090307 | _ | mo̅ | HN | human coreferential pronoun | CorH |
| 090309 | _ | nem | SZ | modal: logical necessity | Ded |
| 090201 | _ | net | S2 | want | can be aux. |
| 090307 | _ | ne̅ | EN | something (non-human pronoun) | IndN |
| 090311 | ? | ne̅t£i | tmp | sometime | IndT |
| 100321 | _ | nio' | adv | to some degree (indefinite) | IndD |
| 090227 | _ | nip | S1 | small | |
| 100313 | ? | —nizi̅ | M? | (forms abstraction) | |
| 090127 | _ | nizto | S1 | somewhere | < Indefinite |
| 090307 | _ | ni̅ | HN | someone (human pronoun) | IndH |
| 090227 | _ | ni̅pi̅o' | adv | (minimal degree) | |
| 090227 | _ | ni̅po' | adv | slightly | |
| 090223 | _ | noh | D2 | avoid | |
| 100312 | ? | noit | AN | human | plur. noita |
| 090221 | _ | o | par= | relative pronoun | Rel= |
| 090330 | _ | —oc | ** | (forms evolutive) | —Evo |
| 090212 | ? | ocit | S2 | forget | |
| 090303 | _ | oiz | S1 | drunk | |
| 090317 | _ | ok | SR | enough (for some result) | satisfactive |
| 090316 | _ | ook | S2 | okay, acceptable | < ok |
| 090227 | + | —o' | suf | (degree adverbs) | —Deg |
| 090201 | 3 | o̅ | D3 | tell, say, speak | |
| 090206 | _ | palok | S1 | sick | |
| 090227 | ? | pan | S2 | keep around | |
| 090206 | _ | —pat | D* | (forms inchoative) | —Inch |
| 090313 | ? | pat | D2 | become | like copula |
| 090313 | ? | pitzek | Q1 | 80 | |
| 090313 | ? | pi' | Q1 | 8 | |
| 090313 | ? | pi'le̅ | Q1 | 16 | |
| 090307 | _ | pi̅ | par= | or | phrase conjunction |
| 090307 | _ | poh | SZ | modal: permission | Prm |
| 090211 | _ | pont'a | IO | meatknife | |
| 090314 | _ | poz | DR | go around | requires perlative |
| 090309 | _ | p'en | SR | after, later | see ordinals |
| 090313 | ? | p'et | Q1 | 4 | |
| 090313 | ? | p'etzek | Q1 | 40 | also le̅zkle̅? |
| 090211 | _ | p"(o)nit | D2 | cut | |
| 090211 | _ | p'nitto | IN | knife | |
| 100321 | _ | p'ni̅x(o) | MN | acidic liquid, vinegar, sour juice | |
| 091021 | _ | p"(o)nox | S2 | sour | |
| 090309 | _ | p'o̅ni' | SR | last | see ordinals |
| 090314 | _ | p"poz | SR | surround | < poz |
| 090316 | + | tacim | S2 | salty-tasting | |
| 090316 | 3 | taci̅m(o) | MN | saltwater, broth | |
| 090127 | _ | tazto | S1 | here, this/these | < Inclusive |
| 090201 | _ | —te | suf | (retrospective aspect) | —Ret |
| 090303 | _ | tel | D2 | speak/understand/read/write a language | |
| 090309 | _ | tex | SZ | modal: physical necessity | Nec |
| 100313 | ? | te̅n | Q1 | every, all | |
| 100313 | ? | te̅n | HN | everyone (human pronoun) | UniH |
| 100313 | ? | te̅na | EN | everything (non-human pronoun?) | UniN |
| 090127 | 3 | tip | DV | go, come, travel | |
| 090316 | 3 | ti̅ | tmp= | now | |
| 090316 | + | ti̅m(o) | S1 | young | |
| 090316 | 3 | ti̅nno | AN | child (young rather than relative) | |
| 090210 | _ | tok | SR | inside | |
| 090313 | ? | tom | Q1 | 6 | |
| 090313 | ? | tomle̅ | Q1 | 12 | |
| 090313 | ? | tomzek | Q1 | 60 | |
| 090328 | _ | to̅ | D2 | act like, play a part | must incorporate |
| 090316 | 3 | t'haz | D1 | die | |
| 090313 | ? | t'met | Q1 | 3 | |
| 100312 | ? | t"(i)pit | AN | animal, beast | plur. tip'ta |
| 090328 | _ | t"to̅ | D2 | act like, play a part | non-incorporating |
| (£) | |||||
| 090306 | _ | —Wax | suf | (forms interrogative) | —Int |
| 090303 | _ | —Wez | ** | (forms benefactive) | —Ben |
| 090219 | _ | —Wi' | S? | (forms superlative) | —Sup |
| 090316 | 3 | xazem | S2 | feel (external sense) | |
| 090220 | _ | xa̅ | EN | what (non-human) | QueN |
| 090311 | ? | xa̅t£i | tmp | when (interrogative) | QueT |
| 090211 | _ | xa̅z | S1 | where | QueL |
| 100321 | _ | xeo' | adv | to what degree (interrogative) | QueD |
| 090313 | ? | xin | Q1 | 14 | |
| 090313 | ? | xinho | Q1 | 13 | |
| 090224 | _ | x(o)met | D2 | eat, drink | |
| 090313 | ? | xnal | Q1 | 15 | |
| 090313 | ? | xnet | Q1 | 7 | |
| 090313 | ? | xoax | DV | roar | |
| 100312 | ? | xoho' | S2 | afraid of | |
| 090220 | _ | xo̅ | HN | who[m] (human) | QueH |
| 090315 | _ | —Yak | D* | (forms perlative) | —Per |
| 090306 | _ | —Yan | suf | (forms negative) | —Neg |
| 090303 | _ | —Yem | D+ | (forms causative) | —Cau |
| 090220 | _ | —Yot | suf | (prospective aspect) | —Pro |
| 100314 | ? | zalep | D2 | throw | |
| 090315 | _ | zamok | SR | equal to (in some respect) | comparative |
| 090227 | + | zan | S1 | large | |
| 100321 | _ | zanko' | adv | to the same degree as | |
| 090316 | 3 | zantaci̅mozto | S1 | by the ocean or sea (?) | |
| 090404 | ? | zaxan | D1 | slow | |
| 090207 | _ | zazin | D2 | kill unlawfully | |
| 090309 | _ | za̅ | SZ | modal: expectation | Exp |
| 090309 | _ | za̅zkloz | SR | earli[er than expected] | see ordinals |
| 090309 | _ | za̅zp'en | SR | late[r than expected] | see ordinals |
| 090313 | ? | zcet | Q1 | 5 | |
| 090313 | ? | zek | Q1 | 10 | |
| 090223 | 3 | zen | S1 | sitting | |
| 090308 | 3 | zi[£] | SR | near, at | |
| 090328 | _ | zizlin | D2 | guide by touching shoulder(s) | < z(i)lin |
| 090313 | ? | zkal | Q1 | 11 | |
| 090313 | ? | zkle̅ | Q1 | 20 | |
| 090313 | ? | —z(e)kle̅ | Q1 | times 20 | see cardinals |
| 090328 | _ | z(i)lin | D2 | push gently | |
| 090316 | 3 | z(o)mik | D2 | stroke | |
| 090316 | 3 | zohol | D2 | dream | |
| 090227 | _ | zo̅ni̅o' | adv | (maximal degree) | |
| 090227 | 3 | zo̅no' | adv | very | |
page started: 2009.Mar.18 Wed
was modified: 2009.Oct.22 Thu
was modified: 2010.Mar.23 Tue
current page: 2010.Aug.07 Sat
content and form originated by qiihoskeh
Table of Contents