Legend: Definitions, Terms, <Text>, «apa», -Tags-, and "Glosses".
Numbers, as well as scalar quantities, are univalent. A natural number is denoted by either a single numeric word or a compound numeral. Zero is denoted by a single word whose final is ulla. ALmost always, numeric words are attributive, but can be predicative.
A numeric word consists of a syntactically appropriate initial, up to 3 digit medials (possibly with a multiplier medial), and a final denoting a power of 1000.
| Final | Power |
|---|---|
| a | 0 |
| ilka | 1 |
| eqma | 2 |
| îga | 3 |
| erta | 4 |
The last digit in sequence has the ones place, the 2nd last has the tens place, and the 3rd last has the hundreds place.
Examples:
luspoxlamba 642,
lilgepta 57,
laisa 3.
| Medial | Value | Medial | Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| - | - | erf | 1 |
| amb | 2 | ais | 3 |
| oxl | 4 | ilg | 5 |
| usp | 6 | ept | 7 |
| okĉ | 8 | iŝk | 9 |
If the ones place value is zero, ûm x 10 is used.
If the tens place value is zero, âz x 100 is used; this preempts ûm.
Examples:
luspoxlûma 640,
luspâzamba 602,
luspâza 600.
Finally, erf is omitted
Examples: lâzamba 102, lûma 10, lilka 1000.
In a compound numeral, the numeric words may be arranged in any order.
All numeric words have the same initial.
Examples:
lokĉoxlilka lerfa 84,001.
Each ordinal number is formed from the corresponding natural number using the medial est Ord before the stem of the first numeric word. The stem for "1st" is lesta.
Numeric quantities other than "0" may be signed instead of unsigned. The medial ikn Plu is used for positive numbers and the medial uxt Min is used for negative numbers; these appear immediately before the stem of the first numeric word.
Currently, all fractional numbers are constructed using a signed numerator and an unsigned denominator, which is formed using ang Div immediately before the stem of the first word in the denominator. Both numerator and denominator have the same initial.
Examples: likna langamba +1/2. luxtepta langilka -0.007.
All of the following adverbials are phrases, with the last word taking the adverbial form. Except for the number of occurrences, the initial morphemes are all temporal units, denoting either a kind of time period, such as "week", or a regular phase of such a period, such as "Friday".
A zero-displacement phrase translates expressions such as "today", "this Friday", and "that month". For zero displacement, the period stated by the unit or implied by the phase unit contains the temporal reference point referent. The initial morpheme specifies the temporal reference point. No quantity or temporal direction appears.
| Initial | Tag | Reference Point |
|---|---|---|
| k | UT | Utterance |
| t | AT | Anaphoric |
| ĉ | QT | Interrogative |
| n | IT | Indefinite |
| naf | ExiT | Existential |
| taf | UniT | Universal |
A non-zero displacement phrase translates expressions such as "tomorrow", "3 days before", and "next month". For non-zero displacement, the period stated by the unit or implied by the phase unit does not contain the temporal reference point referent. Medial morphemes denoting temporal directions are used. The attributive quantity, which is semantically ordinal but formally cardinal, specifies the number of periods displaced; when omitted, the quantity is 1.
| Medial | Tag | Description |
|---|---|---|
| us | Prf | before temporal reference point |
| if | Pro | after temporal reference point |
The unit specifies the kind of period used to measure the duration of the situation; it may be a phase unit if the situation is not continuous.
The attributive quantity specifies the number of temporal periods or phases; when omitted, the quantity is 1.
Examples:
bokti loxla "for 4 nights".
The unit is ai Occ.
The attributive quantity specifies the number of occurrences.
Examples:
bai laisa "3 times".
The unit Occ is also used for time-when adverbs. A temporal direction may be used after a non-quantifier initial. For example, kusai is used for absolute past time and ĉifai is used for future time asking "when?".
| Initial | Description or Gloss |
|---|---|
| kai | "now" |
| tai | "at that time" |
| ĉai | requires temporal medial |
| nai | "at some specific time" |
| nafai | "at any time" |
| tafai | "always" |
page started: 2022.Dec.24 Sat
current date: 2022.Dec.25 Sun
content and form originated by qiihoskeh
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