Jul23 –  A Constructed Language

Jul23 Phonology and Orthography

Legend: Definitions, Terms, <Text>, [IPA], -Tags-, and "Glosses".

Letters and Sounds

The tables show the relevent phonetic symbols (in IPA) with the corresponding orthographic (romanization) symbols. The 25 letters used are:
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p r s t u v w x y z — q isn't used.
An alternate romanization using diacritics isn't shown here.

In the following tables, an asterisk * indicates that the letter is used for more than one sound.

Vowel Qualities

There are 4 short vowels and 5 long vowels. The diphthongs are [æu] ew, [ai] ay, and [ɔi] oy. Any other vowel sequences (occurring from omission of [ʔ]) are disyllabic.

Vowels

	front										central		back
high	i, iː	i, iy	-								-		-								uː	u
high-mid	-				eː	ey	-				-		-				o, oː	o, ow	-
low-mid	-						ɛ	e	-		-		-
low	-										-		ɑ, ɑː	a, aw	-

Consonant Qualities

There are 21 onset consonant phonemes using 21 phones and 12 coda consonant phonemes using 15 phones.

Onset Consonants

		labial				coronal						dorsal								guttural
nasal	voiced	m	m	-		n	n	-				-								-
stop	voiceless	p	p	-		t	t	-				-		k	k	-				ʔ
	voiced	b	b	-		d	d	-				-		g	g	-				-
affricate	voiceless	-				-				t͡ɕ	c	-								-
	voiced	-				-				d͡ʑ	j	-								-
fricative	voiceless	-		f	f	-		s	s	ɕ	x	-		x	h	-				-
	voiced	-		v	v	-		z	z	-		-								-
rhotic	voiced	-				-		r	r	-		-								-
vocoid	voiced	-				l	l	-				j	y	-		w	w	-		-

Coda Consonants

		labial				coronal						dorsal								guttural
nasal	voiced	m	m	-		n	n	-				ɲ	n	ŋ	n	-				-
stop	voiceless	p	p	-		t	t	-				-		k	k	-				-
affricate	voiceless	-				-				t͡ɕ	c	-								-
fricative	voiceless	-		f	f	-		s	s	ɕ	x	-		x	h	-				-
	voiced	-				-		z	z	-		-								-
rhotic	voiced	-				-		r	r	-		-								-
vocoid	voiced	-				l	l	-				-								-

Phonotactics

Onsets

• The onset is either a single consonant phoneme or a cluster.
• The 20 onset clusters are: py, by, my, ny, kw, gw, pr, br, kr, gr, tr, dr, fr, hr, pl, bl, kl, gl, fl, hl.

Rhymes

The following rhyme types appear:

light: -V
heavy: -Vː, -VV, -VC

• A coda nasal may assimilate to the following onset in point of articulation: the allophone [m] appears before p, b, m, the allophone [ɲ] appears before y, the allophone [n] appears before t, c, d, j, n, h, and the allophone [ŋ] appears otherwise.
• A coda s or z assimilates to the following obstruent onset in voicing.
• A y never precedes i, iy, or u.
• A w never precedes o, oy, or ow.

Prosody

Whenever possible, the stress is on the root. However, it may shift to a derivational suffix if heavy or to the antepenult if there are 3 inflectional suffixes.

Morphophonology

Consonant Alternations

Coda nasal letters alternate according to the following onset: m appears before p, b, and m, while n appears otherwise.

page started: 2017.Jul.25 Tue
current date: 2017.Jul.26 Wed
content and form originated by qiihoskeh

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